FTP is a protocol for transferring files over TCP/IP networks such as the Internet.

To transfer files, you need to connect to an FTP server with some FTP client software.

FTP can be used to transfer very large files, especially files that are too large to be sent via email. However, the need for a server to exchange files with someone else makes this less practical than email.

FTP is also commonly used to upload web pages and web applications to web sites. Most web servers also feature an FTP server.

Some commonly use FTP clients are:

• Windows: FileZilla
• Mac: CyberDuck, Transmit
• Unix: ftp command

DNS is a system that stores information associated with domain names in a distributed database on networks such as the Internet.

For example, when you type in a domain name like, for example, mozilla.org, you computer will automatically query the Domain Name System to find the actual IP address of the server you are trying to reach, for instance: 63.245.209.11.

You can see that query in more detail by opening a command window and typing in:
nslookup mozilla.org

A modulator-demodulator is a device used to transmit digital data over an analog channel. It modulates/demodulates a carrier signal in order to encode digital information onto it.

A modem is typically used to transmit computer data over POTS phone lines.

Frame-based computer networking technology used in local area networks (LANs). Ethernet defines wiring and signaling for the physical layer, and frame formats and protocols for the media access control (MAC)/data link layer of the OSI model. Ethernet is mostly standardized as IEEE 802.3.

It has become the most widespread LAN technology since the 1990s.

The Bit depth describes the number of bits used to represent the color of a single pixel in a bitmapped image. Higher color depth gives a broader range of distinct colors. As the number of bits increases, the number of possible colors becomes impractically large for a color map.

1-bit color is commonly called as monochrome or black & white.

An image type that simulates grayscale by varying the density of dots in a given area.

Highly colored areas consist of a large density of dots, while lighter areas consist of a lower density of dots.

File format used to exchange data between disparate applications. The file format, originally
introduced by Microsoft Excel, has become a de facto standard throughout the industry, even among non-Microsoft platforms.

The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) algorythm is a very commonly used method of compression for photographic images. It is also a file format used for storing or transmitting photos.

The JPEG algorythm is lossy which means some details of the original picture are lost when compressing the algorythm. The algorythm has a quality setting allowing to set a balance between smaller file size and better quality.

A domain name looks like some-name.com, another-name.org or even yet_another.ca for example.

Those names are registered centrally for each "Top Level Domain" (TLD) such as .com , .org or .de ( "ca" being teh country code for Canada for example ).

Once a domain name is registered it can be used to locate servers on the internet by using the Domain Name System in order to route e-mail or access web sites.

Shades of gray that represent light and dark portions of an image.

When color images are converted to grayscale; colors are represented by various shades of gray depending on their brightness.